Land Rover Defender: Wipers and Washers - Description

DESCRIPTION

WINDSHIELD WIPER CONTROL SWITCH

1. Tailgate wiper intermittent wipe position
2. Windshield wiper control switch
3. Rain/light sensor sensitivity adjust
4. Windshield fast wipe position
5. Windshield slow wipe position
6. Windshield automatic wipe position
7. Tailgate wash position
8. Flick wipe position
9. Wash and wipe position
10. Tailgate wiper continuous wipe position

The windshield wiper control switch is part of the Steering Wheel Module (SWM) and located on the right of the steering column. The windshield wiper control switch receives power supply from the Passenger Junction Box (PJB) through the SWM.

The windshield wiper control switch controls the windshield and the tailgate wiper functions. The windshield wiper control switch also controls the windshield, the tailgate and the headlamp washer functions.

All wiper and washer functions are controlled by the driver using the windshield wiper control switch.

The outputs from the switches are converted to the LIN signals by the SWM and transmitted to the BCM/ GWM. The BCM/ GWM processes the LIN signals and activates the selected function directly through the relays. The relays are located in the Engine Junction Box (EJB) and the Rear Junction Box (BCMB).

WINDSHIELD WIPER MOTOR AND WIPER LINKAGE ASSEMBLY

NOTES:

• RHD vehicle is shown, LHD vehicle is similar.
• Vehicle with 5 doors is shown, vehicle with 3 doors is similar.

1. Pivot - Driver windshield wiper arm
2. Windshield wiper motor
3. Electrical connector
4. Rubber locating grommet
5. Main pipe
6. Pivot - Passenger windshield wiper arm
7. Rubber mounting
8. Pivot crank - Passenger windshield wiper arm
9. Link rod
10. Motor crank
11. Link rod
12. Pivot crank - Driver windshield wiper arm
13. Rubber mounting

The windshield wiper motor and linkage assembly differs between RHD and LHD vehicles. The windshield wiper linkage assembly and the motor are not available as separate service components.

The windshield wiper motor and linkage assembly is attached to the vehicle body with 2 bolts and washers at each end. The bolts are located in rubber bushes in the windshield wiper linkage assembly which isolate the assembly from the vehicle body. A rubber locating grommet is located behind the motor and engages on a spigot on the vehicle body to locate the linkage assembly.

The windshield wiper linkage assembly comprises a main pipe, with a pivot housing at each end. A bracket is attached, offset along the tube length, which locates the windshield wiper motor. A crank is positively attached to the windshield wiper motor output shaft. There are 2 link rods connected between the windshield wiper motor crank and the pivot crank at each end through the ball joints.

The motor crank converts rotary motion from the motor output shaft into linear movement of the link rods. The pivot cranks convert the linear motion back to rotary motion of the pivots. The rotary motion is passed to the wiper arms and blades causing the blades to wipe arc across the windshield.

The windshield wiper motor comprises a 12V Direct Current (DC) motor, gear wheel and worm drive, contained in an integral housing.

The windshield wiper motor assembly is connected to the vehicle harness by a 4-pin electrical connector.

The electrical connector provides:

• Startup battery voltage from the windshield wiper relay, located in the EJB.
• A ground path for the windshield wiper motor assembly.
• A LIN communication line, providing 2-way communication with the BCM/ GWM and the rain/light sensor.

The windshield wiper motor is prevented from operating when the hood is open. When the vehicle speed is more than 6 km/h (3.7 mph), the BCM/ GWM considers the hood closed and the windshield wiper motor operates.

WIPER ARMS AND BLADES

NOTES:

• RHD vehicle is shown, LHD vehicle is similar.
• Vehicle with 5 doors is shown, vehicle with 3 doors is similar.

1. Windshield wiper blade - Driver side
2. Windshield wiper arm - Passenger side
3. Windshield wiper blade - Passenger side
4. Tailgate wiper blade
5. Tailgate wiper arm
6. Tailgate washer jet cap
7. Windshield washer jet or heated windshield washer jet (quantity 2)
8. Nut cap (quantity 2)
9. Windshield wiper arm - Driver side

Each windshield wiper arm is located on a taper spline on the respective pivot. A nut is screwed on the end of the pivot shaft and positively secures the windshield wiper arm on the taper spline.

The windshield wiper blades are attached to the windshield wiper arms with quick release fittings. The windshield wiper arms are spring loaded to maintain windshield wiper blade pressure. The windshield wiper blades have spines which provide pressure along the length of the windshield wiper blade. The spines allow the windshield wiper blade to curve and match the windshield profile throughout their arc.

The tailgate wiper arm is similar in design to the windshield wiper arms. The tailgate wiper arm attachment hole has tapered splines, which mate with the splines on the wiper motor spindle. The tailgate wiper arm is secured to the wiper motor spindle with a nut. The tailgate wiper arm has a pivot point, close to the spindle attachment. A tension spring is connected to the tailgate wiper arm on each side of the pivot point. A tension spring applies pressure to maintain the tailgate wiper blade in contact with the rear window.

The tailgate wiper blade clicks into the tailgate wiper arm. The tailgate wiper blade is a flat blade type with a spine, which provides an even pressure along the length of the tailgate wiper blade. The spine allows the tailgate wiper blade to curve and match the rear window profile throughout its arc.

Windshield washer jets

The windshield washer jets are attached on the windshield wiper arms. The washer fluid feed hose from the front/rear washer pump is connected to the jets. In line with each washer jet there is a non-return valve to prevent washer fluid draining back to the windshield washer reservoir. The non-return valves also limit the amount of washer fluid, which can be forced from the jets during cornering.

When the vehicle is equipped with heated windshield washer jets, the washer jets contain heater elements, which improve performance in cold conditions. The heater elements are controlled by the BCM/ GWM. The BCM/ GWM energizes the heater elements when the Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) falls below a predetermined temperature.

TAILGATE WIPER MOTOR

NOTE: Vehicle with 5 doors is shown, vehicle with 3 doors is similar.

1. Tailgate washer jet
2. Spindle
3. Rubber mounting (quantity 3)
4. Washer fluid connector
5. Electrical connector
6. Tailgate wiper motor

The single speed tailgate wiper motor is installed on the inner surface of the tailgate. The tailgate wiper motor is secured by 3 bolts. The interior trim panel covers all the electrical components that are installed in the tailgate. Rubber bushes isolate the tailgate wiper motor assembly from the tailgate.

The tailgate wiper motor drives an integral gear wheel through a worm drive attached to the motor spindle. The gear wheel is installed with a crank which in turn is connected to the tailgate pivot. The crank converts the rotary motion of the gear wheel into the required reciprocating arc to wipe the rear window.

The 3-pin electrical connector is used to connect the tailgate wiper motor to the vehicle harness.

The electrical connector provides:

• Startup battery voltage from the tailgate wiper relay, located in the BCMB.
• A ground path.
• A voltage from the BCM/ GWM for the wiper park.

The BCM/ GWM removes voltage to the tailgate wiper motor when:

• The tailgate wiper or the linkage becomes obstructed.
• The park signal state does not change within 6 seconds.

The tailgate wiper motor remains disabled until the obstruction is cleared, or an alternative active wiper mode is selected. There are 2 disable events allowed:

• Until a 180 second disable period is activated.
• Until the next ignition cycle when the event counter is reset to 0.

Tailgate washer jet

The tailgate washer jet is attached to the spindle of the tailgate wiper motor. The washer fluid feed hose from the front /rear washer pump is connected to the washer fluid connector which is located on the tailgate wiper motor. The washer fluid flows through the spindle to the tailgate washer jet. The washer fluid connector contains a valve to prevent washer fluid draining back to the windshield washer reservoir.

RAIN/LIGHT SENSOR

NOTE: Vehicle with 5 doors is shown, vehicle with 3 doors is similar.

1. Silicon pad
2. Electrical connector

The rain/light sensor is installed in a bracket attached to the inside of the windshield, close to the Rear View Mirror (RVM). The rain/light sensor is concealed under a cover, which clips onto the bracket. Contact between the rain/light sensor and windshield is provided through a silicon pad. The silicon pad is compressed during the assembly process by 2 locking retaining clips either side of the sensor. The rain/light sensor receives voltage from the BCM/ GWM. The rain/light sensor provides information to the BCM/ GWM and the windshield wiper motor through a Local Interconnect Network (LIN).

The rain/light sensor contains a heater element. The software within the rain/light sensor uses the heater element to keep the optical unit clear of condensation. The software receives Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) signals from the BCM/ GWM assembly through the LIN connection. Depending on the AAT signal value, the software activates the heater element.

WINDSHIELD WASHER RESERVOIR

NOTE: Vehicle with 5 doors is shown, vehicle with 3 doors is similar.

1. Windshield washer reservoir
2. Front/rear washer pump
3. Windshield washer reservoir filler neck and cap
4. Headlamp washer pump
5. Washer fluid level sensor
6. Rubber isolator

The windshield washer reservoir is located behind the front right wheel, behind the wheel arch liner. The windshield washer reservoir is a plastic molding. The reservoir is secured in the wheel arch to the body with 2 bolts.

A filler cap is located at the front of the windshield washer reservoir and connects to the windshield washer reservoir through a filler neck. The filler cap is accessible from the engine compartment.

A washer fluid level sensor is located in the windshield washer reservoir and connects to the BCM/ GWM through a hardwired connection. A float, with integral magnet, is located around the tube, inside the reservoir. The sensor has a reed switch which is normally open. When the fluid level reduces, the magnetic pivot float drops. When the magnet reaches the sensor contacts, the magnetic field closes the contacts. The BCM/ GWM senses this completed circuit and displays the low fluid level message in the Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC).

A combined front/rear washer pump is installed at the base of the windshield washer reservoir. The headlamp washer pump is installed above the washer fluid level sensor. The front/rear washer pump supplies washer fluid to the windshield washer jets and the tailgate washer jet. The headlamp washer pump supplies fluid to the left and right headlamp washer jets.

HEADLAMP WASHER JET - IF EQUIPPED

NOTE: Vehicle with 5 doors is shown, vehicle with 3 doors is similar.

1. Washer jet (quantity 2)
2. Washer fluid supply hose connection
3. Washer jet housing

NOTE:

The headlamp washers only operates when the following conditions occur:

• The vehicle headlamps are ON.
• In Power Mode 6 (ignition ON) or higher.
• The 'Washer Low Fluid Level' is not shown.

The front bumper is installed with 2 headlamp washer jets. The headlamp washer is located in an aperture at the front of the bumper below the headlamp assembly. The headlamp washer is attached to a bracket moulded into the bumper structure.

The washer fluid feed hose from the headlamp washer pump is connected to the headlamp washer jet. Each headlamp washer jet directs washer fluid under pressure onto the headlamp lens when the headlamp washer jet is operating.

WASHER JET - REAR PROXIMITY CAMERA (IF EQUIPPED)

When the vehicle is equipped with rear proximity camera, there is a washer jet located beside the camera in the rear bumper. The washer fluid feed hose from the tailgate washer is connected to the washer jet with a 'Y' connector.

Therefore the washer jet operates with the tailgate washer jet at the same time. The washer jet assembly contains a valve to prevent washer fluid draining back to the reservoir.

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